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KMID : 0614720130560070600
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Journal of Korean Medical Association
2013 Volume.56 No. 7 p.600 ~ p.608
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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation update
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Hwang Sung-Oh
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Abstract
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Sudden cardiac arrest is a growing medical issue in developed countries. Annually, more than 25,000 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) occur in Korea. Only 3% of victims with OHCA discharge alive from hospital and less than 1% of them survive neurologically intact. Major changes of recent guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency cardiac care includes modification of basic life support (BLS) sequence from A-B-C to C-A-B, an emphasis on minimally interrupted, high-quality chest compression, the introduction of chest compression-only CPR, and addition of integrated post-cardiac arrest care concept as the fifth chain in the Chain of Survival. Repetition of 2-minutes of CPR, rhythm check, and defibrillation if indicated is recommended as a universal algorithm during BLS. Defibrillation and drug administration including epinephrine should not be delayed to place an advanced airway during CPR. Important interventions during post-cardiac arrest care are comprised of the optimization of ventilation (arterial CO2 tension, 40 to 45 mmHg) and oxygenation (arterial O2 saturation, 94% to 98%), glucose control (blood glucose, 144 to 180 mg/dL), therapeutic hypothermia (body tem-perature, 32℃ to 34℃) for unresponsive patients, and percutaneous coronary intervention for the patient with ST-segment elevation. Systemic approaches to increase public awareness of cardiac arrest and CPR, to spread CPR education to citizen, and to implement public access defibrillation are a prerequisite for improving survival from OHCA in the community. Effective advanced life support and integrated post-cardiac arrest care should be provided to increase neurologically intact survival among the patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest.
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KEYWORD
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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Heart arrest
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